Tuberculosis
Template:Infobox medical condition (new) Lefuba ( lefuba ) ke lefu le tshwaetsanwang leo hangata le bakwang ke baktheria ya Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). [1] Lefuba ka kakaretso le ama matshwafo, empa le ka ama dikarolo tse ding tsa mmele. [1] Boholo ba tshwaetso ha bo na matshwao, mme boemo boo bo tsejwa e le lefuba le ipatileng . [1] Hoo e ka bang 10% ya tshwaetso e ipatileng e qetella e le malwetse ao, ha eba a sa phekolwe, a bolayang hoo e ka bang halofo ya ba amehang. [1] Matshwao a tsebahalang a TB ha e tshwere motho ke ho kgohlela haholo le dikgohlela tse nang le madi, feberu, ho fufulelwa bosiu, le ho theoha ha boima ba mmele . [1] Ho theoha hona ha boima ba mmele ke hona ho entseng hore ho bitswe ho "ho fela" ka puo ya kgale. [2] Tshwaetso ya ditho tse ding tsa mmele e ka baka matshwao a mangata.
Lefuba le le fetiswa ka moea ha batho ba nang le tshwaetso ya TB matshwafong ba kgohlela, ba tshwela, ba bua, kapa ba thimola. [1] [3] Batho ba nang le TB e ipatileng ba ke ke ba tshwaetsa ba bang. [1] Lefu lena le tshwaetsa haholo batho ba nang le tšoaetso ea HIV/AIDS le ba tsubang . [1] Tlhahlobo ya tshwaetso ya TB e etswa ka di X-ray tsa sefuba, ha mmoho le tlhahlobo ya motjhine wa microscope le tlhahlobo ya maro a mmele. [4] Ho hlahlojwa ha lefuba le ipatileng ho etswa ka tlhahlobo ya letlalo (TST) kapa diteko tsa madi. [4]
Thibelo ya lefuba e kenyelletsa ho hlahloba ba kotsing e kgolo, ha eba e fumanwa ka potlako le ho entwa ka ente ya bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG). [5] [6] [7] Batho ba kotsing e kgolo ba kenyeletsa ba dulang, ba sebetsang kapa ba tlwaelaneng le batho ba tshwaeditsweng ke TB. [6] Phekolo e hloka hore motho a sebedise dithibela-mafu tse ngata ka nako e telele. [1] Dikokwanahloko tse hanang meriana ke bothata bo ntseng bo eketseha e leng se etsang hore palo ya batho ba nang le lefuba le hanyetsanang le lithethefatsi (MDR-TB) e eketsehe.
Ho dumelwa hore motho a le mong ho ba bararo lefatsheng o tshwaeditswe ke lefuba.[1] Ho ba le tshwaetso e ntjha ho 1% ya baahi selemo ka seng.[8] Ka 2014, ke batho ba dimilione tse 9.6 million ba neng ba na le tshwaetso ya lefuba e leng se feletseng ka ho shwa ha batho ba dimilione tse 1.5. Batho ba etsang 95% ba ileng ba shwa ke ba dulang dinaheng tse tswelang pele. Palo ya batho tshwaetswang botjha e fokotsehile ha esale ho tloha ka 2000.[1] Hoo e ka bang 80% ya batho dinaheng tse ngata tsa Asia le Afrika ba na le tshwaetso ha batho ba dulang United States bao ho bonahetseng ba na le tshwaetso ha ba etswa teko letlKgalong [9]e le 5–10%. Ha e sale lefuba letshwara batho ho tloha dinakong tsa kgalekgale.[10] .
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs104/en/
- ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=pz2ORay2HWoC&pg=RA1-PA352
- ↑ http://www.cdc.gov/tb/topic/basics/default.htm
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 http://www.australianprescriber.com/magazine/33/1/12/18/
- ↑ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25428938
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 https://books.google.ca/books?id=EUZXFCrlUaEC&pg=PA179
- ↑ https://books.google.ca/books?id=EUZXFCrlUaEC&pg=PA179
- ↑ "Tuberculosis (TB)". World Health Organization (WHO). 16 February 2018. Retrieved 15 September 2018.
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4160-2973-1
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4160-2973-1